Schau dir unsere Auswahl an louis the 14th an, um die tollsten einzigartigen oder spezialgefertigten, handgemachten Stücke aus unseren Shops zu finden. He was the protector of writers, notably Molière and Jean Racine, whom he ordered to sing his praises, and he imposed his own visions of beauty and nature on artists. As his sobriquet, “the Sun King,” suggests, Louis came to symbolize the big, bright, magnetic pomp of … In September 1688, Louis sent French troops into the Palatinate, hoping to disrupt his enemies who had formed the League of Augsburg against him. © 2021 Biography and the Biography logo are registered trademarks of A&E Television Networks, LLC. Louis managed to keep the territories of Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Santa Lucia…but that’s about it. Born on Sept. 5, 1638, Louis was the first, regarded as "god-given," child of the long-married Louis XIII and his Habsburg wife, Anne of Austria. Under Colbert commerce, industry, and overseas colonies were developed by state subsidies, tight control over standards of quality, and high protective tariffs. Here are seven incredible tidbits about the superstar scientist. However, he was also a neglected child, cared for by servants. Signature. The whole conflict had been a fiasco, and it left France way worse off than it had been before. There is no proof that this story is true. document.write(year); Marriage of Louis XIV of France and Maria Theresa of Spain. In Paris the Louvre was essentially completed with the classical colonnade by Claude Perrault. Born in 1638, Louis XIV became king at age 4 following the death of his father, Louis XIII, and remained on the throne for the next 72 years. When Frenchman René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle claimed the interior of North America drained by the Mississippi River and its tributaries for his country in 1682, the explorer named it Louisiana in honor of Louis XIV. The King agreed to marry the Spanish Infanta, Philippe de France, brother of Louis XIV, known as “Monsieur”, played no part in the political affairs of the kingdom. In 1667, 28-year-old all-powerful king of France, Louis XIV, decides to build the greatest palace in the world - Versailles. Louis XIV was 15 years old at the time of his coronation in 1654, but he did not wield absolute power over France until seven years later when Mazarin died. This was the longest recorded rule of any European monarch. Inside the walls of the opulent Palace of Versailles, France’s King Louis XIV died of gangrene on September 1, 1715, just four days short of his 77th birthday. The early part of his reign (1643-61), while Louis was young, was dominated by the chief minister Cardinal Mazarin. Mazarin served as a surrogate father to his godson and taught the young king about everything from statesmanship and power to history and the arts. More blatantly, he seized both the Alsatian city of Strasbourg and Casale, in northern Italy, in 1681. So I decided to list the films I know on that page and to provide some info and screen shots. (After the death of Louis XIV, history repeated itself as his five-year-old great-grandson, Louis XV, succeeded him.). the image of Louis XIV in the menu is taken from PC-Game "Versailles II" created by Cryo Interactive Entertainment. The king thereafter controlled his own government until his death, acting through his high state council (conseil d'en haut) and a few select ministers, whom he called or dismissed at will. But when at last a male heir was produced (1638) there was universal rejoicing. « previous question next question ». He was a king for 72 years. Cardinal Mazarin was victorious in 1653 and constructed an extraordinary administration for the kingdom.Mazarin finally suppressed the Fronde and restored internal order. As controller general of finances, Colbert sharply reduced the annual treasury deficit by economies and more equitable, efficient taxation, although tax exemptions for the nobility, clergy, and some members of the bourgeoisie continued. A story emerged of the king Louis XIII being trapped in a terrible rainstorm on the night of 5 December 1637 and being forced to seek shelter in the Louvre where the only bed fit for the king was Anne of Austria’s. Urban law enforcement was improved by creation (1667) of the office of lieutenant general of police for Paris, later imitated in other towns. The turning point in Louis's reign between the earlier grandeur and the later disasters came after Colbert's death (1683). A book’s total score is based on multiple factors, including the number of people who have voted for it and how highly those voters … The last emperor Louis the 14 th lived and controlled the regime in 17 th century. His older brother was the "Sun King", Louis XIV. Marie-Thérèse gave birth to six of the king’s children, but only one, Louis, survived past the age of five. Known as the “Sun King,” Louis XIV centralized power in the monarchy and reigned over a period of unprecedented prosperity in which France became the dominant power in Europe and a leader in the arts and sciences. The genius of the English general the duke of Marlborough and his Austrian counterpart, Eugene of Savoy, was almost too much for the ducs de Villars, Berwick, and Vendome, who were Louis's principal generals. After years of persecuting Protestants and constricting their rights, the Catholic king revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685 through his issuance of the Edict of Fontainebleau, which ordered the destruction of Protestant churches, the closure of Protestant schools, and the forced baptism and education of children into the Catholic faith. (Painting: Charles Beaubrun [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons). Roman Catholicism. Louis witnessed five years of rebellion during his reign, from 1648–53. Mistress Louise de La Vallière bore five of the king’s children, only two of which survived infancy, while her rival Madame de Montespan, who eventually became the king’s chief mistress, gave birth to seven of the monarch’s children. Louis, who never forgave a slight, always ensured that the guilty paid dearly. He Lost The Love Of His Life. Louis XIV was ultimately directed into a marriage that was a political, rather than a romantic, union by wedding the daughter of Spain’s King Philip IV, Marie-Thérèse, in 1660. Nonetheless, France rallied. To remember FDR, who profoundly changed America with his New Deal programs, take a look at some fascinating facts about his life and legacy. Colbert and the king shared the idea of glorifying the monarch and monarchy through the arts. Check out these seven surprising facts about one of the longest-serving monarchs in European history. Louis turned next against the United Provinces of the Netherlands in the third Anglo-Dutch War (1672-78). Louis XIV takes part in war against Spain on northern, north-eastern and eastern frontiers of France. So why does the Tudor monarch still fascinate us? September 1638 in Schloss Saint-Germain-en-Laye; † 1. During the post-1685 period the once personal monarchy became increasingly bureaucratized. He knew well how to make use of them. Every film tries to create a certain atmosphere using costumes, decorations and also showing the … Unfortunately not all of the films are... good. He had been king for 72 years, the longest reign in the history of France. Louis was a discriminating patron of the great literary and artistic figures of France's classical age, including Jean Baptiste Moliere, Charles Le Brun, Louis Le Vau, Jules Mansart, and Jean Baptiste Lully. Thus, implying that the conception took place that night. When the king moved permanently to Versailles in 1682, an elaborate court etiquette was established that had the aristocracy, including former rebel princes, vying to participate in Louis's rising (leve) and retiring (couche). In addition to the royal court, the 700-room palace housed the nobility that Louis XIV had brought into his sphere as well as the thousands of staff needed for upkeep. He was the older of two brothers the other being Philippe. Marie-Thérèse gave birth to six of the king’s children, but only one, Louis, survived past the age of 5. Death of Louis XIV, 1715 | Palace of Versailles Death of Louis XIV, 1715 1st September 1715 After a week of agonising pain, four days before his 77th birthday, Louis XIV died in Versailles just after 8.15 am on 1 September. As Louis XIV is a very famous historical person, there are many films filmed about him and his age. Many Huguenots--who constituted an industrious segment of French society--left the country, taking with them considerable capital as well as skills. It took more than two decades for King Louis XIII and his wife, Anne, to have Louis XIV as their first child. With the new king too young to rule over his 19 million subjects, his mother, Anne, served as regent and appointed Louis XIV’s godfather, Italian-born Cardinal Jules Mazarin, as chief minister. if(year > 100){ This shaped his character and he would never forgive either Paris, the nobles, or the common people. A long and bitter quarrel (1673-93) with the pope was concluded when the king withdrew the French clergy's Four Gallican Articles of 1682, in which they had claimed quasi-independence from the papacy for the French church (see Gallicanism). This article deals with the children of Louis XIV and in turn their senior descendants. His first love, Marie Mancini, was Mazarin’s niece but both the cardinal and Anne of Austria were vehemently opposed to this union, and the brief encounter between the King and the princess on 22 June 1659 was their last before she was banished from the court into exile. She shared with Louis the grief of lost battles and the successive deaths of all but two of his direct descendants. Although only one of his children by his wife Maria Theresa of Spain survived past infancy, Louis had many illegitimate children by his mistresses. In 1660, King Louis XIV of France was wedded to the Infanta Maria Theresa of Spain. At one point, Parisian dissidents invaded his palace to check he was in bed, and not about to escape. France barely held its own against the United Provinces and England, both under William III, as well as Austria, Spain, and minor powers; but the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697) preserved Strasbourg and Louis's "reunion" acquisitions along the Franco-German border.The aging ruler was almost immediately drawn into the disastrous War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14), in which he defended his grandson Philip V's inheritance of Spain and its empire on the death of Charles II. In foreign affairs, the young Louis XIV launched the War of Devolution (1667-68) against the Spanish Netherlands, claiming that those provinces had "devolved" by succession to his Spanish wife rather than to her half brother Charles II, who had inherited the Spanish crown. See the description of that game under "Software" for more information. He visited his son several times a day, held his councils and worked with his ministers. During this time he brought absolute monarchy to its height, established a glittering court at Versailles, and fought most of the other European countries in four wars. The 17 th and 18 th monarch reigned over France for 72 years, reaching the top of the list of kings who ruled the longest in the country. var year=datum.getYear(); September 1715 in Schloss Versailles), war ein französischer Prinz aus dem Haus Bourbon und von 1643 bis zu seinem Tod König von Frankreich und Navarra sowie Kofürst von Andorra. By the 1680s, however, the devoutly Catholic Louis XIV believed his faith should be the sole religion of his country. The king’s grandfather Henry IV granted French Protestants, known as Huguenots, political and religious freedoms when he issued the Edict of Nantes in 1598. From Spain's ally Lorraine France obtains the duchy of Bar and … At first they managed to keep it a secret but then the king himself revealed it by wearing matching ribbons at Mass - right before both the queen and Madame de Montespan. Films are a very good way to try to imagine "how it was that time". Louis XIV, France's Sun King, had the longest reign in European history (1643-1715). Louis XIV is without a doubt the most renowned of French kings. Louis XIV (1638-1715) was King of France for a whopping 72 years. year = year - 100; British explorer, diplomat and accomplished archaeologist Gertrude Bell has been described as "the female Lawrence of Arabia." By the Peace of Utrecht France retained most of its earlier conquests, and the Spanish empire was divided between Philip V, who received Spain and its overseas colonies, and Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, who acquired the Spanish Netherlands and Spain's Italian possessions. Citizens grew so disgruntled that they even jeered the diseased Louis XIV during his funeral procession. Beginning in 1661, the king transformed the royal hunting lodge in Versailles where he played as a boy into a monument of royal opulence. Europe’s grandest palace became a center of political power and a symbol of the king’s dominance and wealth. Wikipedia . (Krishna / CC BY-SA 2.0) In June 1660, Maria Theresa and Louis XIV were married in Saint-Jean-de-Luz, in the south-western part of France. Local government was increasingly placed under removable intendants. The end of hostilities marked the lowest point of Louis’ life so far—but he was about to learn, he could sink much lower. Created by Simon Mirren, David Wolstencroft. While his mother was regent the great nobles and the judges of the parlement of Paris launched a major but uncoordinated revolt (the Fronde of 1648-53) in reaction to the centralizing policies of Louis XIII's minister Cardinal Richelieu and his successor, Mazarin. His state established or developed in rapid succession academies for painting and sculpture (1663), inscriptions (1663), French artists at Rome (1666), and science (1666), followed by the Paris Observatory (1667) and the academies of architecture (1671) and music (1672). Louis XIV was born on September 5, 1638, in Saint-Germaine-en-Laye, France, and christened Louis-Dieudonné—French for "Gift of God." The early part of his reign (1643-61), while Louis was young, was dominated by the chief minister Cardinal Mazarin. Here are seven facts about the influential poet, novelist and playwright who captured the African American experience. The intent this time was to take revenge against Dutch intervention in the previous war and to break Dutch trade. Louis… Louis XIV was born in September 1638 and was the firstborn son of … Louis XIV took a leave as dauphin before the reign of Louis XV. Louis XIV, France's Sun King, had the longest reign in European history (1643-1715). Naturally, the favourite went into a rage and the king did everything he could to calm her down. His father, Louis XIII, disliked contact with women and had to be almost forced into his queen’s bed. The literary Academie Francaise also came under formal royal control in 1671. That he had never appreciated her enough. What was the name of the only child of Louis XIV and his wife to survive past childhood? Ludwig XIV., französisch Louis XIV (* 5. His son, from his second marriage to the Princess Palatine, would go on to rule as regent until Monsieur Philippe I, Duke of Orléans (21 September 1640 – 9 June 1701) was the younger son of Louis XIII of France and his wife, Anne of Austria. Here are some surprising facts. On April 13, he drove to Marly in … The war brought him some valuable frontier towns in Flanders. François, le Grand Dauphin. He is often seen as the typical example of absolutism. Langston Hughes was born today in 1902. The most famous and powerful of the ministers were Jean Baptiste Colbert in internal affairs and the marquis de Louvois in military matters.Breaking with tradition, Louis excluded from his council members of his immediate family, great princes, and others of the old military nobility (noblesse d'epee); his reliance on the newer judicial nobility (noblesse de robe) led the duc de Saint-Simon to call this, mistakenly, "the reign of the lowborn bourgeoisie." To learn more about the life of the "Sun King," check out these seven surprising facts about the longest-reigning monarch in French history. 1659 : Peace of the Pyrenees between France and Spain: France has Roussillon and Cerdagne (ceded in 1493) returned and gains land in the Spanish Netherlands. Moreover, two years later, Louis invited Lorraine back to court and into the royal favour, which he would not have done had he believed Lorraine was the murderer. Known for preferring his male favourites to his wives, more at home in Paris than at Versailles, he won a famous military victory over William of Orange in 1677. Although Louis XIV was faithful to his wife at the beginning of the marriage, the Sun King soon began having affairs with other women. The marriage between the two first cousins ensured ratification of the peace treaty that Mazarin had sought to establish with Hapsburg Spain. When Louis was born in 1638, he was compared to the infant Jesus. Known as the “Sun King,” Louis XIV centralized power in the monarchy and reigned over a period of unprecedented prosperity in which France became the dominant power in Europe and a … The edict led 200,000 or more Huguenots to flee France in search of religious freedom elsewhere in Europe or in the American colonies. On January 24, 1966, Indira Gandhi was sworn in as India's first female prime minister. Learn about one of science's most intriguing geniuses. Louis XIV, however, had a healthy libido and fathered more than a dozen illegitimate children with a number of mistresses. However, his mother, Anne of Austria who caused the neglect, instilled in him a lasting fear of "crimes committed against God". Louis XIV - Louis XIV - Patronage of the arts: Louis’s great fortune was in having among his subjects an extraordinary group of men in every area of activity. After the civil war known as the Fronde forced a young Louis XIV to flee his palace in Paris, the monarch took a dislike to the capital city. Styled Duke of Anjou from birth, Philippe became Duke of Orléans upon the death of his uncle Gaston in 1660. var datum=new Date(); Louis XIV, also popularly known as the Sun King (5 September 1638–1 September 1715) was the King of France and King of Navarre from 14 May 1643 until his death. 1658/59, 1660 : Louis XIV's journeys to southern and south-western of France. But drained budget, affairs and … Religion. // --> His tutor Cardinal Mazarin wrote that God had given him “all the qualities” to become the greatest king the world had ever seen. Gaston, le Grand Dauphin. The 9-year war of the Grand Alliance ensued. The Louisiana Territory became American property after the United States purchased it in 1803, and the state of Louisiana joined the union in 1812. Louis XIV, lodging in rooms above those of his soon, carried on to do business as usual. Here are seven facts about her fascinating life and complex legacy. Perhaps he would’ve lived longer, but the king refused the doctors’ suggestion to amputate the … Few musicians remain as beloved and revered as the late Bob Marley, whose music continues to inspire and influence music, fashion, politics and culture around the world. Now at the height of his power, the king set up "courts of reunion" to provide legal pretexts for the annexation of a series of towns along the Franco-German border. Credited as one of the great minds of the Scientific Revolution, here are a few interesting facts about the father of modern science. The Peace of Westphalia (1648), which ended the Thirty Years' War, together with the Peace of the Pyrenees (1659), which concluded prolonged warfare with Spain, made France the leading European power. When France’s King Louis XIII died at the age of 41 on May 14, 1643, the monarchy passed to his eldest child, Louis XIV, who was just four years and eight months old. The terrible French winter of 1709 and near fiscal collapse also took their toll. Progress: 5 of 15 questions. In addition Louis's display of religious intolerance helped unite the Protestant powers of Europe against the Sun King. The latter treaty was sealed by Louis XIV's marriage (1660) to Marie Therese (1638-83), the daughter of Philip IV of Spain. The two who survived him were his grandson Philip V of Spain and a great-grandson who became Louis XV when the Sun King died on Sept. 1, 1715. This civil war brought Louis XIV poverty, misfortune, fear, humiliation, cold and hunger. He succeeded his father on the throne at the age of four. With George Blagden, Alexander Vlahos, Tygh Runyan, Stuart Bowman. Louis XIV died in 1715 at the age of 76 only a few days before his birthday because of gangrene that developed after a leg injury. At home the parlements lost their traditional power to obstruct legislation; the judicial structure was reformed by the codes of civil procedure (1667) and criminal procedure (1669), although the overlapping and confusing laws were left untouched. In 1682, Louis XIV officially moved his court to the lavish palace at Versailles, 13 miles outside of Paris. The disease was soon identified to be indeed smallpox, but the doctors did not consider it a threat for the Dauphin’s life, taking into account the patient was otherwise very healthy, strong and a man of fifty. Louis XIV is an American rock band from San Diego, California.The band has released four EPs between 2003 and 2007, and three albums between 2003 and 2008, the latter two of which were distributed by Atlantic Records.The band broke up in 2009, but in 2013, in an interview with The Reno Dispatch, Jason Hill confirmed that the band had decided to reunite. The Jansenist convents of Port-Royal were closed (1709-10), and in 1713 the pope issued, at Louis's request, the anti-Jansenist bull Unigenitus.After a series of celebrated liaisons with mistresses, notably Louise de la Valliere and Madame de Montespan, Louis settled down to a more sedate life with Madame de Maintenon, whom he secretly married about 1683.