Charles XII spent his childhood amidst luxury. We had seven children together, but four of them died before me. Charles assumed control of the armies and the administration after the Swedish defeat at Fehrbellin by the forces of the electorate of Brandenburg in 1675, which encouraged Denmark to invade its former province of Skåne in Sweden. In his early childhood raised in the Swedish court alongside Queen Christina he received an excellent civil education. Charles X Gustav of Swedenis the 63rdmost popular military personnel(up from 68th in 2019), the 29thmost popular biography from Sweden(up from 30th in 2019)and the most popular SwedishMilitary Personnel. 12. Corrections? They kept the country running while I grew and matured. Charles XII of Sweden was the king of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. In foreign affairs Charles and his principal advisers saw a balance of power among France, the Holy Roman Empire, the Netherlands, and England as the best protection for Swedish interests. Charles, along with Gustavus Adolphus, was one of Sweden’s most important monarchs in the Seventeenth Century. They tried to invade the Scanian land and conquer them, but I was able to fend them off and make peace with them as well in 1676. Birth of Charles XII Click here for more informationCharles XII was born to Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark in Tre Kronor castle in Sweden. I hope you govern Sweden profitably. Charles XII of Sweden was the king of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. The alliance of the two nations in opposition to Dutch commercial influence in the Baltic was sealed by Charles XI’s marriage to Ulrika Eleonora (1680), sister of King Christian V of Denmark. He was the only son of King Charles X of Sweden and Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp. Like father like son. Omissions? During the first few years of my rule, Sweden was at war with the Danish in the Scanian War. I then reformed the bureaucracy in 1680 with the introduction of the Table of Ranks. I had a very tough childhood because of my father’s death. I respect your success in ruling Sweden and support your technique of having a conscripted army. As a child, he was a keen observer of the political and military matters of his kingdom, while preparing to rule the kingdom someday. Charles XI’s defeat of the Danes in 1678 led to the Treaty of Lund (1679), by which Denmark gave up its claim to Skåne. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-XI, History Learning - Biography of Charles XI. For several years learned men, specialists in all branches of knowledgearrived in Stockholm and formed the Court of Learning. He was the only son of King Charles X Gustav of Sweden and Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp. Although Charles came of age in 1672, the regents continued to control foreign policy; they drew Sweden into the Dutch War of 1672–78 at the behest of King Louis XIV of France, with whom they had signed a treaty of alliance. Charles XI, (born Nov. 24, 1655, Stockholm—died April 5, 1697, Stockholm), king of Sweden who expanded royal power at the expense of the higher nobility and the lower estates, establishing an absolutist monarchy that ended only with the death of Charles XII in 1718. Charles XII of Sweden Biography. The defeat of the Spanish and Germans were due to your country's help. Charles XI (Swedish: Karl XI, also Charles IV and Carl; 4 December [O.S. This was the worst moment of my life and my health started to deteriorate shortly after. Charles XII spent his childhood amidst luxury. Even though you were not ruling at this time, I would still like to thank you, son of Charles X. I am also quite impressed with your accomplishment. Charles XII, also Carl, Latinised to Carolus Rex, was the King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. He was 4 when he was crowned king, so a … He was the second child and the first son of Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark. This way, you can have a more steady income. He was carefully nurtured by his parents because his four younger brothers died as infants. Hello, everyone. 5 April] 1697) was King of Sweden from 1660 until his death, in a period of Swedish history known as the Swedish Empire (1611–1718). 24 November] 1655 – 15 April [O.S. Pomerania and Norway Charles agreed to leave Constantinople and returned to Swedish Pomerania. I rallied the support of all the civilians in the lower classes against the noble class and was able to make major changes to the government. Charles X Gustav of Sweden is most famous for being the King of Sweden from 1654 to 1660. His father died when he was four years old, so Charles was … He made the journey on horseback, riding across Europe in just fifteen days. He was 4 when he was crowned king, so a … I also weakened the power of the nobility here, which had been dominant before. In terms of the army, I changed how the soldiers were hired. By the treaties of Nijmegen (1678–79), which marked the end of the Dutch War, Sweden was able to keep nearly all of its German possessions. Charles devoted the rest of his life to avoiding further warfare by gaining larger independence in foreign affairs, while he also promoted economic stabilization and a reorganization of the military. In 1693 Charles was granted unrestricted power by the estates to implement and safeguard his reforms. It made people have to distinguish themselves in order to earn a position, instead of basing it off birthright. He was the second child and the first son of Charles XI of Sweden and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark. Later Charles X learned Ulrika also died before me in 1693. 5 April] 1697) was King of Sweden from 1660 until his death, in a period of Swedish history known as the Swedish Empire (1611–1718). In 1680, I married Ulrika Eleonora, the daughter of the King of Denmark, Frederick III. Charles, along with Gustavus Adolphus, was one of Sweden’s most important monarchs in the Seventeenth Century.Charles was the only son of Charles X and was born in November 1655. Jun 17, 1682. Ragnhild M. Hatton, Charles XII of Sweden (1968), is the best study in any language. Charles XI was King of Sweden from 1660 until his death, in a period of Swedish history known as the Swedish Empire. Instead of destroying society, I recommend improving Sweden's economy. Charles's diplomacy is considered in John Joseph Murray, George I, the Baltic and the Whig Split of 1717: A Study in Diplomacy and Propaganda (1969). You can do this by increasing the quantity and improving the quality of manufactured goods. He succeeded Charles X Gustav of Sweden and was the only heir to the throne. The enlarged state income allowed the establishment of a fixed budget that paid for 25,000 hired troops, as well as of a civil administration that also had control over churches and schools, a national army of 40,000 men, and a new navy to compete with Denmark’s. A law created in February of 1686, actually stated in its records that the King's … ), Latinized to Carolus Rex, was the King of Sweden from 1697 to 1718. His father died when he was four years old, so Charles was educated by his governors until his coronation at the age of seventeen. A dated but helpful work is R. Nisbet Bain, Charles XII and the Collapse of the Swedish Empire (1895; repr. This ruined a lot of nobles and people, but it was necessary to restore the country’s treasury. All of this resulted in a better financial position is that it of Sweden. He assumed power, after a seven-month caretaker government, at the age of fifteen. Charles XI, also Carl (Swedish language: Karl XI) also Charles IV (24 November 1655 – 5 April 1697 OS) was King of Sweden from 1660 until his death, in a period of Swedish history known as the Swedish Empire (1611–1718).. I agree that having reliable recruits can prove extremely effective for an army. Charles XI of Sweden - WikiMili, The Free Encyclopedia - W A famous warrior king, he led his country during the Northern War. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Now of course I was unable to lead anything at the small age of five, so the country and I were left in the care of the governors. Biography of Charles XI of Sweden (excerpt) Charles XI (Swedish: Karl XI) (24 November 1655 – 5 April 1697) was King of Sweden from 1660 until his death and during the same time succeeded his father as Pfalzgraf. I made major changes in the country’s finances, government, army, and the bureaucracy of Sweden during the time of peace that followed the war. Although Denmark and Sweden cooperated during the war to protect their merchant shipping, Charles nearly provoked war with Denmark in 1689 when he supported the claims of the duke of Holstein-Gottorp in Schleswig-Holstein. This was part of the agreement we made in the peace treaty that stopped the war. I would say I led the kingdom very well myself. Charles XI, (born Nov. 24, 1655, Stockholm—died April 5, 1697, Stockholm), king of Sweden who expanded royal power at the expense of the higher nobility and the lower estates, establishing an absolutist monarchy that ended only with the death of Charles XII in 1718. Charles XI, also known as Carl or Karl XI, was the King of Sweden from 13 February 1660 to 5 April 1697. A lively discussion of Charles's invasion of Russia is in Leonard Cooper, Many Roads to Moscow: Three Historic Invasions(1968). Charles XII, (born June 17, 1682, Stockholm—died Nov. 30, 1718, Fredrikshald, Nor. In one of the most brilliant campaigns in history, Charles forced Denmark to make peace (Aug., 1700), defeated Peter I at Narva (Nov., 1700), subjugated Courland (1701), invaded Poland and, declaring Augustus II dethroned, secured the election (1704) of Stanislaus I as king of Poland. Because of this Sweden became known as "Athens of the North"(Goldsmith 104). The life at the court in Stockholm was very unlike that of Versailles, “[Charles XI] despised the luxuries and the refinements of life and looked upon sloth and … 2. He belonged to the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, a branch line of the House of Wittelsbach. These are some of my greatest successes in Sweden and are why I am considered one of the greatest monarchs from Sweden. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_XI_of_Sweden. The Riksdag (parliament) of 1680 renewed in full force the repossession of alienated crown lands, and by the end of Charles XI’s reign the crown had increased its holdings in Sweden–Finland from less than 1 percent to more than 30 percent of all lands. I was born in 1655. The repossession of royal lands in the trans-Baltic provinces accounted for more than half of the increase in the King’s income. Biography. In Biography. A regency was established under which the higher nobility gained control of the government and blocked the repossession of alienated crown lands. This allowed some commoners to earn a position and weakened the nobility more. Sweden concluded a treaty with the Dutch (1681) against Louis XIV. Charles and his new advisers then determined to keep Sweden free from foreign subsidy treaties. Charles XII, also Carl (Swedish: Karl XII; 17 June 1682 – 30 November 1718 O.S. I, Cardinal Richelieu of France, am here to thank you for your alliance with us during the Thirty Year's War.
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